An incubator is a chamber type equipment that is primarily
used for creating a controlled environment by regulating the humidity,
temperature and ventilation within its body. Incubators have been used for
years in hatching poultry eggs and caring premature or sick infants. But with
the advancement of technology incubators have found a lot of applications in
laboratories and several fields of science.
Laboratory incubators are used for a number of purposes in different section
of science and research. Here are some of their most important applications:
- Laboratory incubators are used for the cultivation and manipulation of microorganisms for medical research.
- They are used in tissue culture in which tissue fragments are extracted from plants or animal
bodies and placed in incubators. Temperature within the incubator is maintained near to that
of the organisms from which tissue was extracted. Scientists and researchers monitor the
growth of these tissues and observe the operation and interaction of particular cells.
They have been able to devise vaccines of many dangerous and life taking diseases.
- One of the valuable uses of laboratory incubators is in genetic engineering, which
is an extension of tissue culture. Scientists manipulate the genetic materials of plants
and animals to create new organisms.
Types of Laboratory Incubators
Cooling Incubators/ Bacteriological Incubators
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Cooling incubators are used to control incubation/storage temperatures closely.
The main functions of coolingw incubators include, B.O.D. test, life cycle testing,
shelf life studies, culture of plant life and bacteria microorganism, serum
incubation studies, general incubation and refrigerated storage of sensitive
cultures. Bacteriological incubators are non refrigerated versions of cooling
incubators. These laboratory incubators are controlled with standard
microprocessors.
BOD Incubator
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As the name suggests, B.O.D. incubators are designed for conducting biochemical/
biological oxygen demand test (B.O.D. Test). It is a chemical process that
determines how fast biological organisms use up oxygen in a body of water.
These incubators suit best for closed control of incubation/ storage temperature.
BOD incubators provide controlled temperature conditions for accelerated tests
and exposures. They are used in different fields like cell and tissue culture,
shelf-life studies, raw material and bulk product storage. BOD incubator is also
used for plasma and blood product storage in the field of research, development,
production and quality control.
Shaking Incubator
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Shaking incubator is a requisite equipment for all those laboratories engaged in
biomedical or biological research. Shaking incubators have combined shakers and
incubators. They are also known as Incubator Shaker.
Shaking incubators have found uses in numerous applications in research of
medicine, biology, pharmacy and environmental protection. There are a host
of applications where incubators shakers are used including, ferment,
hybridization, germ culture, research of biochemical reaction, enzyme
and cellular tissue. The most common application of a shaking incubator
is for the growth of bacterial culture. They are used in applications
requiring high temperature and oscillation frequency.
Incubator shakers are aimed at providing uniform controlled conditions.
Now-a-days shaking incubators are controlled by microprocessors. They are
designed in such a way that they can accommodate different range of test
tubes, flasks and other glasswares. They can also be used with micro-plates
and micro-tubes. The desired temperature is set and forced air circulation
ensures uniform heating. Temperature can be monitored via digital display.